Debts Recovery Tribunals and Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals
The Debts Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs) were established under the Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act (RDB Act), 1993 with the specific objective of providing expeditious adjudication and recovery of debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions.
At present, 39 Debts Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and 5 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs) are functioning across the country. Each DRT and DRAT are headed by a Presiding Officer and a Chairperson respectively. The post of Presiding Officer is equivalent to a District Judge and the post of Chairperson is equivalent to that of a High Court Judge.
Debt Recovery Laws
Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions (RDDBFI Act), 1993 is an Act to provide for the establishment of Tribunals for expeditious adjudication and recovery of debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
Securitisation & Reconstruction of Financial Assets & Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI)Act, 2002 is an Act to regulate securitisation and reconstruction offinancial assets and enforcement of security interest and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
Debts Recovery Tribunals and Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals
The Debts Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs) were established under the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act (RDDBFI Act), 1993 with the specific objective of providing expeditious adjudication and recovery of debts due to Banks and Financial Institution.
At present, 39 Debts Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and 5 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs) are functioning across the country. Each DRT and DRAT are headed by a Presiding Officer and a Chairperson, respectively. The post of Presiding Officer is equivalent to a District Judge, while that of the Chairperson is equivalent to a High Court Judge.
1 The Debts Recovery Tribunals and Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals Electronic Filing Rules, 2020
2 Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (Central Registry) (Amendment) Rules, 2020
3 The Debts Recovery Tribunals and Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals Electronic Filing Rules, 2020
4 Notification No. S.O 103(E) dated 2.2.2007 – Security Interest (Enforcement) Amendment Rules, 2007
5 Notification No.1043(E), 1044(E), 1045(E), 1046|(E) and 1047 (E) dated 03.11.2016 regarding various amendments in DRAT and DRT Procedural Rules
6 Notification No. S.O 1837(E) dated 26.10.2007 – Security Interest (Enforcement) Amendment Rules, 2007
7 Notification GSR102(E) dated 22.1.16 – Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (Central Registry) (Amendment) Rules, 2016
8 Notification No. S.O 310(E) dated 15.5.2013 Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (Central Registry) (Amendment) Rules, 2013
9 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal Recruitment Rules for Group C & D Posts
10 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal Recruitment Rules for Group A & B Posts
11 Debts Recovery Tribunals Recruitment Rules for Group C & D Posts
12 Debts Recovery Tribunals Recruitment Rules for Group A & B Posts
13 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Procedure for Investigation of Misbehavior or Incapacity of PO) Rules, 2012
14 Notification No. G.S.R 276(E) dated 31.3.2011 – Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (Central Registry) (Amendment) Rules, 2011
15 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal (Procedure for appointment as Chairperson of the Appellate Tribunal Amendment Rules), 2011
16 Debts Recovery Tribunals ( Procedure for Investigation of Misbehaviour or incapacity of Presiding Officer ) Rules, 2010
17 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Procedure for Appointment as PO of the Tribunal Amendment Rules), 2010
18 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Salaries allowances and other terms and conditions of service of Presiding Officer Amendment Rules), 2008
19 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal (Procedure for the appointment of Chairperson of the Appellate Tribunal)amendment Rules ,2005
20 Notification No. S.O 1020(E) dated 20th Sept 2002 – Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002
21 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Procedure for appointment as PO of the Tribunal Amendment Rules), 2000
22 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (Procedure for appointment as Chairperson of the Appellate Tribunal Amendment Rules), 2000
23 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (Procedure for appointment as Chairperson of the Appellate Tribunal Rules), 1998
24 Debts Recovery Tribunal (Procedure for the appointment of Presiding Officer of the Tribunal) Rules,1998
25 Debts Recovery Tribunal (Procedure) Amendment Rules, 1997
26 Debts Recovery Tribunal (Financial and Administrative Power) Rules, 1997
27 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Procedure) Amendment Rules, 1994
28 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals( Salaries, allowances and other conditions of Service of the officers and employees Rules), 1993
29 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Salaries, Allowances and other conditions of service of the Recovery Officer and other officer and employees) Rules, 1993
30 Debts Recovery Tribunals (Salaries, Allowances and other terms and conditions of service of the Presiding Officer) Rules 1993
31 Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (Salaries, Allowances and other terms and conditions of service of the Chairperson) Rules, 1993
32 Debts Recovery Tribunal (Procedure) Rules, 1993
The Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act, 1993 (RDB Act) provides speedy redressal to lenders and borrowers through filing of Original Applications (OAs) in Debts Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and appeals in Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs).
The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets & Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (SARFAESI Act) provides access to banks and financial institutions covered under the Act for recovery of secured debts from the borrowers without the intervention of the Courts at the first stage. Securitisation Appeals (SAs) can be filed with the DRTs by those aggrieved against action taken by secured creditors under the SARFAESI Act.
There are 39 DRTs and 5 DRATs, which are single Member Tribunals. The jurisdiction of DRATs and list of DRTs is as below:
Tribunal Jurisdictions
DRAT Allahabad (Jurisdiction over 6 DRTs)
DRT Allahabad
DRT Dehradun
DRT Jabalpur
DRT Lucknow
DRT Patna
DRT Ranchi
DRAT Chennai (Jurisdiction over 9 DRTs)
DRT Chennai-1
DRT Chennai-2
DRT Chennai-3
DRT Bengaluru-1
DRT Bengaluru-2
DRT Coimbatore
DRT Ernakulam-1
DRT Ernakulam-2
DRT Madurai
DRAT Delhi (Jurisdiction over 7 DRTs)
DRT Delhi-1
DRT Delhi-2
DRT Delhi-3
DRT Chandigarh-1
DRT Chandigarh-2
DRT Chandigarh-3
DRT Jaipur
DRAT Kolkata (Jurisdiction over 9 DRTs)
DRT Kolkata-1
DRT Kolkata-2
DRT Kolkata-3
DRT Hyderabad-1
DRT Hyderabad-2
DRT Visakhapatnam
DRT Siliguri
DRT Cuttack
DRT Guwahati
DRAT Mumbai (Jurisdiction over 8 DRTs)
DRT Mumbai-1
DRT Mumbai-2
DRT Mumbai-3
DRT Ahmedabad-1
DRT Ahmedabad-2
DRT Aurangabad
DRT Nagpur
DRT Pune
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